The Way to Freedom is Alone essays

The Way to Freedom is Alone articles In the thirteenth section of Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes composes ...men have no joy, however on the opposite a lot of anguish, in keeping organization, where there is no force ready to over-wonderment them all. The unusual reason that ungoverned people are singular creatures echoes all through Hobbes political way of thinking. This is a troublesome philosophy to have at the focal point of such a work. By far most of the universes populace holds the contrary position. The vast majority accept that people are normally public creatures. Thomas L. Pangles Political Philosophy and the God of Abraham delivers keeps an eye on regular tendency to be a piece of a gathering. Winged animals fly in groups, fish swim in schools, and man has his clan. That is as normal as you can get. Expulsion from ones clan (once) implied demise. Alone, one is expected vulnerable to the assault of enemies. Being separated from everyone else is to a great extent compared with shortcoming. There is a generally held dread of being separated from everyone else. This is the reason the mentality found in Leviathan is immediately dismissed. So as to comprehend what Hobbes endeavors to convey by expressing men have no pleasure...in keeping organization, it is fundamental to set up his option in contrast to having organization. Hobbes proclamation about men not discovering joy in the organization of others is regularly excused as a result of a misconception. A peruser of Leviathan could without much of a stretch compare being separated from everyone else with forlornness. In the wake of perusing this section ordinarily in setting, one may choose a remarkable inverse. Hobbes composed of isolation, as opposed to forlornness. Isolation is attractive and deliberate, though dejection is superfluous and automatic. Cursorily the two appear to be similar, however they are altogether different. Numerous popular scholarly works commend isolations power. Henry David Thoreau wrote in Walden: I never found the friend that was so amicable as isolation. Isolation isn't... <!

Botulism Is A Rare Gastrointestinal Infection Biology Essay Free Essays

Botulism is an uncommon GI contamination, it is a genuine status brought about by poisons from bacteriums called Clostridium Botulinum. Clostridium Botulinum are a types of anaerobiotic, Gram-positive, pole molded bacteriums in the family Clostridiaceae that produces proteins with highlights neurotoxicity. The botulinus poison is a ground-breaking neurolysin that weakens nerve map, including those of the quit, taking to paralysis. We will compose a custom article test on Botulism Is A Rare Gastrointestinal Infection Biology Essay or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now It is the etiologic operator of botulism in universes, wild poultry, Equus caballuss and cowss. There are seven subtypes of these bacteriums, each bring forthing an alternate Botulinum Toxin. The being and its spores are generally dispersed in nature. They can be found in soil, stores of waterways and lakes, and in the enteric bit of terrains of fish and well evolved creatures. Clostridium botulinus meddles with the presynaptic arrival of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular intersection. Acetylcholine is a synapse found at neuromuscular intersections, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effecter intersections, and at numerous different locales in the CNS. Acetylcholine empowers musculus withdrawal thus without it musculuss will non contract. The stop empowers take a breathing thus without acetylcholine the contaminated energize being will expire of respiratory disappointment and asphyxia. Clinical qualities incorporate stomach harming, emesis, intense paralysis, obscured vision, and twofold vision. There are eight kinds of botulism. They are: A, B, CI ± , CI? , D, E, F, and G. Out of the eight just three of them are related with human sickness. They are A, B, E and F. An, and B are foodborne related intense strains. It was premier recorded in Europe in 1735 and it was associated with being related with a German frankfurter, henceforth being named after the Latin word for wiener, â€Å" botulus † . A few states created botulism poisons in the WWII as a potential bacteriological arm. They were said to hold preliminary showered over a region of Canadian wild killing every single enliven being inside 6 hours however they were ne’er utilized in battle. The bacterium itself is non harmful when ingested and are typically devoured on organic products, veggies and fish. The German specialist and artist Justinus Kerner first built up the idea of a potential healing utilization of botulinus poison. In 1870, another German specialist, Muller, authored the name botulism. In 1895, Professor Emile Van Ermengem, of Belgium, was the first to protect the microorganisms. In 1928, Dr Herman Sommer, at the University of California, was the first to protect in sanitized signifier the poison type A ( BoN T-A ) as a steady corrosive accelerate. Dr Edward J Schantz prevailing with regards to sublimating BoNT-An in crystalline structure refined C blotulinum and secluded the poison in 1946. In the 1950 ‘s, Dr Burgen ‘s ASV bunch found that blotulinum poisons squares neuromuscular transmittal in 1949. Dr Vermon Brooks found that when BoNT-An is infused into an overactive musculus, it hinders the arrival of acetycholine from engine nervus terminations. Dr Alan B Scott, of Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute utilized BoNT-An in monkey tries in 1973, and in 1980 he utilized if for the first clasp in quite a while to deal with squint. The hatching time of botulism is 12-80 hours. It tends to be acquired through motivation of poison, ingestion of poison or C botulinus spores, and pollute of a tissue with poison or C botulinus spores. Signs and manifestations have six introductions. The focal imprints incorporate afebrile ( holding no febrility ) ; balanced neurological manisfestations ; typical mental position, however may look dormant and experience difficulty with imparting ; ordinary to decelerate chest rate without nearness of hypotension ; and typical centripetal nervus map, other than vision. The early introductions include: cranial abnormalcies, exhaustion and dazedness, double and blurred vision, and inconvenience get bringing down supplement. The ulterior introduction incorporate ; falling paralysis, inconvenience voyaging eyes and mellow pupillary widening, lingua coming up short, decreasing joke physiological response, ill defined location, even falling dynamic solid flopping especially on weaponries and legs, most extreme bombing on postural cervix musculuss and infrequent oral cavity outside breath, and inconsistency. Ingestional introduction include: dry oral depression and dysarthria, and affliction and emesis. Inhalational introduction include: mucous emission in pharynx, and serous nasal release, salivation. Last the newborn child introduction include: powerlessness to suck and get down, anomaly, debilitated voice and floppy cervix. There are five boss sorts of botulism. They are foodborne botulism, wound botulism, newborn child botulism, grown-up enteric toxemia of pregnancy botulism, and iatrogenic botulism. Despite the fact that botulism bacteriums are basic in nature, they can be murdered by O. Thereof, the bacteriums signifier spores that shield them from the O. Once on a sans oxygen condition the spores initiate. The most well-known way to obtain botulism is from inappropriately canned supplement. When the can is fixed it makes a without oxygen condition appropriate for the bacterium. Whenever warmed conventionally the spores kicks the bucket however in the event that non warmed appropriately, the spores enact and the can is loaded up with poison, botulismotoxin. Since botulismotoxin is a protein it tends to be denatured by heat, all things considered canned supplement is to a great extent eaten cold botulism happens. Influenced people experience difficulty gulping or discourse creation, dry oral cavity, f acial flopping on the two sides of the face, obscured or double vision, saging palpebras, issue outer breath, affliction, cleansing and stomach fits, and paralysis. Children ordinarily acquire botulism from nectar in an arrangement of ways. At the point when roll uping nectar from blossoms, honey bees gather botulism spores and mix them into the nectar. Most adults can eat these spores without inconvenience since the bacteriums inside the natural structure vigorous the safe framework which takes out the spores. Since babies despite everything do non hold these bacterial resistance components the spores become animated when they arrive at the digestive tract sans oxygen condition. While within the angel they produce poison. This commonly happens between the ages of 2 and a half year. Entanglements emerge for the most part inside 18 to 36 hours after the poison enters the darling ‘s natural structure. Signs and side effects include: abnormality, floppy movements because of muscle falling flat and issue telling caput, powerless call, crossness, salivating, saging palpebras, weakness, inconvenience pull or eating, and paralysis. Wound botulism is the outcome of sores polluted with C botulinus spores. It creates horrible hurt that includes soil pollute among infusion tranquilize clients ( the individuals who utilize dark tar diacetylmorphine ) and after a cesarean bringing. The sore may look kind. The included tissues which are damaged and devitalized give an ideal anaerobiotic medium to the C botulinus spores to shoot into vegetive creatures and produce neurolysins. The manifestations regularly seem 4 to 18 hours after a hurt happens and are like food-borne botulism despite the fact that GI side effects might be missing. They include: inconvenience get bringing down or discourse creation, facial bombing on the two sides of the face, obscured or double vision, saging palpebras, issue outside breath, and paralysis. Grown-up enteric toxemia of pregnancy ( huge enteric colonization ) botulism is an extremely uncommon kind of botulism that happens among adults by a similar way as newborn child botulism. The specific predominance of AITB is obscure. To day of the month, around 20 occasions have been accounted for. The sickness influences adults and more established children. Highlights incorporate obscure start of poison, nearness of poison in stool, and unnatural GI pathology ( for example , Billroth medical procedure, Crohn ‘s illness, and peptic ulcer ailment ) or antimicrobic medication utilization. Last, iatrogenic botulism can occur from incidental overdose of botulinus poison. It has been noted actually sometimes after clinical use or maltreatment of the botulinus poison. Injectable poisons are utilized to deal with an extent of spastic and autonomic solid miracles. These poisons are cleaned and very weakened. Poison type A ( Botox ) is utilized in profoundly little dosages for the intercession of facial wrinkles and blepharospasm ( an unnatural constriction or vellication of the palpebra ) , cervical dystonia squint ( an interminable agonizing neurological miracle described by loss of power more than at least one pieces of the natural structure ) , glabellar lines ( are the opposite lines on the human face and are seeable when an individual glower ) , and essential alar hyperidrosis ( unreasonable sweat ) . Poison type B ( Myobloc, Neurobloc ) is utilized to deal with cervical dystonia. The diagnosing of this contamination can be tricky in light of the fact that side effects mirror those introduced by different sicknesses. Sepsis ( entire natural structure redness ) is the most widely recognized starting diagnosing for baby botulism. Lab preliminaries are utilized for unequivocal diagnosing. Investigation of blood, stool or vomit for grounds of the poison may aid the confirmation of the contamination. Treatment incorporates the use of medications, respiratory help, medical procedure, and stomachic lavage. Grown-ups with botulism are treated with a serum. The neutralizing agent is adequate against poisons types A, B and E and inactivates simply the poison that is unattached to steel terminations. For babies, BIG ( botulism resistant globulin ) is accessible killing A, B, C, D, and E before they can even stick to nervousnesss. Baby mediation ordinarily includes respiratory help and tubing eating for hebdomads even months. Active recuperation is started one time the angel can slowly inhale independent. An inhalator is every now and again required to help adult patients inhale, and a tracheotomy may other than be vital. Medical procedure might be important to clean a septic injury and take the start of the bacteriums. Antimicrobial the

Research methods in health and social care Essay

Research strategies in wellbeing and social consideration - Essay Example The reason for existing is additionally to make a gauge or reason for the investigation that the analyst will direct. Another reason for the writing survey is to legitimize the proposition and demonstrate any holes that happen to be in the writing. A last explanation behind the writing audit is to show how a specific theme has been drawn nearer by other scholastic researchers (Jones 2003). Considering these musings, a superior glance at the writing audits by Burton (2000) is all together. Burtons reason for the examination was to recognize the encounters of stroke patients structure their viewpoint. Inside the audit, Burton distinguished data from contemplates that indicated explicit thoughts that was introduced by others. The general issues that demonstrated a few discernments that patients had. There were no away from of how there were holes in the writing. Toward the start of the survey, Burton recommended that stroke recuperate got just constrained portrayal; (Burton 200:302) in nursing examines. There was more data found about the experience of the ailment instead of the experience of the recognition that the patients had. Notwithstanding, the writing surveys she found had data about what she found. Burton didn't show whether the examinations that were found were structure nursing or structure medication by and large. Jones (2007) states that a fruitful writing audit states what different researchers have said as well as offers an appraisal of the quality and extent of existing examinations †¦ (p. 45). Burton didn't give an evaluation of the nature of the examinations however just determined what different analysts expressed on the subject. Burton utilized the writing audit to show the writing may bolster her investigation. Burton picked a phenomenology system to increase an importance of existence with stroke. The examination utilized grounded hypothesis to increase an understanding structure talk with transcripts.

How to Make an Essay About Yourself

How to Make an Essay About YourselfTo become a college or university student, one of the most important requirements is learning how to write an essay. This type of paper is necessary for those who have learned how to write essays for college.For students who have been taking classes at the same school for several years, it might be hard to take on a new academic paper. So, there are a few tips that will help you do just that.First, if you already know how to write an essay, then you have probably picked a topic to write about. Perhaps you will choose to write about a specific class or student. But, it would be a good idea to write an essay about yourself.This will help you to express your own individual idea, so you can come up with an original topic. In fact, there are a number of different topics you can discuss.One example would be the major themes of your own life. These may include career goals, your interests, or something else. Writing about yourself gives you a chance to rea lly put your ideas down in writing, and you can actually get some interesting results.This is also a great way to learn how to improve on your writing skills. This exercise helps you learn about grammar and sentence structure. So, you can better understand what to write about.Finally, if you are having trouble coming up with a topic for your own essay, try talking to your professor. He or she might be able to suggest a subject. Or, you might want to talk to a counselor or guidance counselor, if you have problems with your writing.

Cake Decorating Homemade or Store Bought Essay - 702 Words

There are so many reasons to need a cake; from birthdays to weddings and everything in-between. When a cake is needed; the first question I ask myself is, do I make it or go to the store? Sometimes we order a cake when we need one; pre-made and decorated. Other times we make them and their decorations. Depending on the circumstances in which the cake is needed one of the choices may work more effectively. How does someone know to buy or make a cake? There is a lot to consider when choosing to make a cake with love or buy one from the store. One thing we should think about when we need a cake; is the amount of time we have to get it where it needs to be. When someone buys a cake they have two choices when it comes to time. They can pick†¦show more content†¦Same with the decorations and what is used to make them. Small homemade decorated cakes can also very in price. But at a 10-20 dollar margin it is still the cheapest way to go. Something else that is important to this dec ision to bake or buy are taste and texture. When buying a cake at stores; in my experience, the frosting is way too sweet or hard as a rock. Another thing stores do is use those hard pieces of colored sugar to decorate. They also use those edible sheets to print pictures on and slap them on the cake. In my opinion they both taste terrible. When choosing to make decorations there are way more choices for ingredients and flavors. Any candy, cookie or pretzel we can imagine can be used to decorate a cake. I learned many tricks for decorating from Cake Boss on TLC. From making rock candy for coral to sculpting rice crispy treats into various shapes and covering them in modeling chocolate. Most food taste better when made at home instead of the store; this goes for cake decorations. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder; (so they say) and this is true for either cake/decorating choice. If the cake is store bought it should look presentable (be easy on the eyes) and if it does not look nic e get your money back. When making decorations for a cake take breaks when needed. So stress does not take over the fun. Also we should try not to be so hard on ourselves if something we are making does not turn out right. It isShow MoreRelatedAmpalaya Cupcake15271 Words   |  62 Pagestheories: the cakes were originally cooked in cups and the other one the ingredients used to make the cupcakes were measured out by cups (Food Timeline Web). On the early part, cupcakes were called â€Å"number† cakes, for reasons that they were easy to remember by the measurements of ingredients it took to create them but today cupcakes have expanded to a wide variety of ingredients, measurements, shapes and decorations. Cupcakes were convenient because they cooked much quicker than larger cakes. When bakingRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesiPod Projects Writing a term paper Setting up a sales kiosk for a professional accounting meeting Developing a supply-chain information system Writing a new piano piece Designing an iPod that is approximately 2 3 4 inches, interfaces with PC, and stores 10,000 songs Wire-tag projects for GE and Wal-Mart Attaching tags on a manufactured product Chapter 1 Modern Project Management 7 example, a pharmaceutical organization could have a program for curing cancer. The cancer program includes

Mice and Men Persuasive Essay - 799 Words

Of Mice and Men persuasive essay Death, the one thing every person will eventually face, could be seen as an end or an entrance. What is your extent of a friendship? How far are you willing to go to help the person you care for? For many reasons, the majority of people think murder is immoral—especially if it was your own best friend. But sometimes we may have to go to the extreme, as long as we know it was the right thing to do from the heart because that’s how much you know you care. In the story Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, I strongly believe that George was right to kill Lennie. We can all argue back and forth whether George killing Lennie was wrong or not. But the fact of the matter is—there was no escape. George heard â€Å"a†¦show more content†¦George and Lennie were best friends for a long time, more like brothers. Lennie is about as bright as a 2 watt bulb, so George couldn’t really get mad at him when he accidently killed Curley’s wife while feeling the softness of her hair. â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢I ain’t mad. I never been mad, an’ I ain’t now. That’s a thing I want ya to know’†. The two had planned a future together—a future in their own dream ranch, a ranch where no trouble would ever bother them. â€Å"’You†¦an’ me. Ever’body gonna be nice to you. Ain’t gonna be no more trouble. Nobody gonna hurt nobody nor steal from ‘em’†. Then after he tells him about the rabbits that Lennie is so fond of, he shoots him in the back of the head where he knows it will not hurt him, and Lennie will not know what hit him. This is the peaceful alternative to what Curley had in store for him. Curleys exact words were shoot the bastard right in the guts. Georges euthanizing of Lennie makes the mentally incompetent Lennie die with dignity. Had Curley gotten to Lennie first, Lennie would have suffered. This shows you how much George cares for Lennie, no matter what he does or the crimes he commits. He’d always be there to help Lennie get right back up to his feet, make him forget all his worries, and move on like nothing happened. I strongly believe George was the right person to kill Lennie, and made the right decision in doing so, rather than to let him suffer in the hands of Curley. So do I think George was right forShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay : Of Mice And Men855 Words   |  4 Pages Of Mice and Men Persuasive Essay Death, the one thing all of humanity will eventually face, could be seen as an end or an entrance. What is your extent of a friendship? How far are you willing to go to help the person you care for? For numerous reasons, a broad amount of people think murder is immoral—especially if it was your own best friend. But sometimes we may have to go to the extreme, as long as we know it was the right thing to do from the heart because that’s how much you know you careRead MoreOF MICE AND MEN ESSAY Libre2222 Words   |  9 PagesOf Mice And Men Essay Of mice and men essay State of California. essay writers salt lake city research paper writing chattanooga buy college ruled paper. Of mice and men essay Metis-sur-Mer of mice and men essay Columbus, Leicestershire, Palmdale, Bakersfield of mice and men essay san antonio write essay for me, of mice and men essay Alexandria uploading essay to common app, Chester of mice and men essay Norfolk geometry and algebra 1 formula sheet Of mice and men essay State of Rhode Island andRead MoreThe Freedom Writers And Romeo And Juliet905 Words   |  4 PagesCentury Community Charter Middle School and Animo Inglewood High School. Every year in middle school and in High School english would be on my schedule, sometimes even with two different english classes a year. We read different writing pieces, wrote essays, and learned techniques that help us develop our reading and writing skills. In middle school the writing tasks were easier and funner than high school. We read books like the Diary of Anne Frank, The Freedom Writers, and Romeo and Juliet, that IRead MoreQuaiyum:Explore how Steinbeck presents the theme of power and powerlessness in the relationships between characters in ‘Of Mice and Men’. Focus on the events in chapter 4.3049 Words   |  13 Pages2012 Quaiyum Miah Explore how Steinbeck presents the theme of power and powerlessness in the relationships between characters in ‘Of Mice and Men’. Focus on the events in chapter 4. The theme of power and powerlessness in chapter 4 of ‘Mice and Men’ is presented by Steinbeck in various ways. For example power is displayed though imagery, characterisation and dialogue. The main theme of power in Steinbeck’s novella includes seduction, physicalRead MoreHow To Write Literary Analysis4174 Words   |  17 PagesHow To Write Literary Analysis The Literary Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide When you read for pleasure, your only goal is enjoyment. You might find yourself reading to get caught up in an exciting story, to learn about an interesting time or place, or just to pass time. Maybe you’re looking for inspiration, guidance, or a reflection of your own life. There are as many different, valid ways of reading a book as there are books in the world. When you read a work of literature in an English classRead MorePopular Culture and Violent Behavior Essay11795 Words   |  48 Pagesoverlooked until gangster rap flooded onto the scene with groups such as Niggaz with Attitude (N.W.A.). The forming of hatred, culminating in murder and gratuitous violence can be blamed on popular culture , namely, popular rap music. The persuasive lyrics and violent imagery; killing policeman, raping women and murdering girlfriends get into the minds of the listeners causing abhorrence between people from different gangs and races in America. The iconic figures that are merelyRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesprobable good consequences of each action and the probable bad consequences while weighing the positive and negative impact of each consequence. It’s a kind of cost-benefit analysis. Exercises 1. Columbus Day is an American holiday. Write a short essay that weighs the pros and cons and then comes to a decision about whether there should be more or less public celebration (by Americans and their institutions) on Columbus Day, October 12. Here is some relevant background information to reduce yourRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesModel 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint Lost in Translation? 31 Questions for Review 32 Experiential Exercise Workforce DiversityRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagespresence in our everyday lives. Partly because of this, the famous British economist John Maynard Keynes (1936) warned us that: . . . the ideas of economists and political philosophers . . . are more powerful than is commonly understood. . . . Practical men [sic],who believe themselves quite . 6 Chapter 1 Introducing organization theory: what is it, and why does it matter? exempt from any intellectual influences, are usually the slaves of some defunct economist. Madmen in authority, who hear

Corruption in Indonesia free essay sample

And surveys of external perception, in which Indonesia currently ranks among the most corrupt nations of the world, may well be reflecting more the greater transparency about corruption in what is rapidly becoming one of the more open societies in the world, than the actual levels of corruption prevailing. But whether Indonesia is more or less corrupt than other countries is immaterial. Corruption levels by any objective standard appear very high, and cause the vast majority of Indonesians themselves to see corruption as an evil that must be eradicated. Corruption weakens the ability of the state to deliver basic public goods: essential services and the rules that allow societies to function effectively.As such it taxes most the poor and the vulnerable Indonesia’s silent majority, creates high macro-economic risks, jeopardizes financial stability, compromises public safety and law and order, and above all, it undermines the legitimacy and credibility of the state in the eyes of the people. We will write a custom essay sample on Corruption in Indonesia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Corruption, therefore, represents a significant threat to a successful political and economic transition for Indonesia. By undermining the formal rules and the key organizations which are charged with safeguarding them, and by destroying people’s faith in these institutions, democracy itself is threatened. Why did Soeharto’s New Order succeed in delivering high levels of economic growth and substantial poverty reduction despite high levels of corruption? The answer is in two parts (Chapter 1). The first is that the regime was careful to ensure that the scale of corruption did not deter investment and economic activity and kill the goose that lay the golden egg, requiring extraordinarily good management and restraint, neither of which lasted into the 1990s when greed began to assert itself. The second is that this success is overstated since it came at a high cost in terms of weak and corrupt institutions, severe public indebtedness through mismanagement of the financial sector, the rapid depletion of Indonesia’s natural resources, and a culture of favors and corruption in the business elite. Research findings now confirm that institutions are crucial to sustainable development. Attempts to estimate through multi-country regressions the contributions of geography, trade and institutions to economic growth in income levels shows that â€Å"the quality of institutions trumps everything else†3.Thus, the neglect of institutions in Indonesia combined with environme ntal deterioration and other adverse consequences flowing from the New Order period has had serious negative effects on the sustainability of Indonesia’s development efforts. Has corruption gotten worse since the fall of the New Order? The evidence on this is far from clear. With declining levels of public investment, big ticket corruption may well have fallen in absolute terms, while petty corruption under weaker political management may have increased. Political competition on the other hand may be once again driving up big ticket corruption. What matters, though, is that corruption continues to remain very high and that it hurts the poor and the vulnerable the most.Such persistent corruption causes some people to conclude that it is part of the average Indonesian’s mental make up. We beg to disagree. Indonesians are like people everywhere. As surveys show (see Chapter 1), they Overview iii deplore corruption, and they are themselves much less corrupt when placed in work environments which reward performance and good behavior and penalize corrupt behavior. A significant number of Indonesians are enraged by what they see and want to do something about it. They are fighting the good fight in every kabupaten and kota, and in every sphere of Indonesian life. This report is a modest contribution to their valiant efforts. Why another report? Much has been written about corruption in Indonesia. Why another report?This report is an initial outcome of an ongoing process of rethinking and learning by the World Bank on issues of accountability and corruption in Indonesia. In the aftermath of the financial crisis and related political upheaval, the World Bank revisited its entire strategy towards Indonesia. To many Indonesians, the Bank was associated with the Soeharto regime, which it had supported for 32 years. It was associated with the accumulation of debt, the most serious of the economic problems inherited from the New Order. And, in particular, it was seen as having failed to take a stand against corruption while lending large sums to a corrupt regime. The Bank has over the last three years confronted these weaknesses.In close consultation with the new Government of Indonesia and reflecting the high level of country indebtedness and fiduciary weaknesses, lending volumes to Indonesia were sharply reduced. The Bank has shifted much of its portfolio towards innovative operations that support poverty reduction through community-driven programs where the beneficiaries actively participate in the determination of investment priorities and oversee the proper use of funds. It has put governance and anti-corruption at the front and center of its development strategy, devoting a significant portion of its analytical work, its lending and its supervision resources to helping improve governance and accountability.

Software Requirements Specification free essay sample

Software Requirements Specification For SYSTEM TO AUTOMATE PAYROLL PROCESSING Team members: CH. SAIKIRAN (08R01A0580)-CSE KANTAM RAMESH (08R01A0549)-CSE M. SAIMADHAVI -IT BATCH NO. : 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Abstract 2. Requirements Specification (RS) 3. Database Fields Specification 4. Operating Environment a. Software Requirements b. Hardware Requirements 5. High Level Design 6. Low Level Design a. Login b. Administrator c. Clerk d. Employee 7. Database Design 8. Test cases Abstract of the project: Consider a medium sized IT establishment which manages its own payroll requirements. This project will aim to develop an automated system to pay employees their monthly wages. The system should store employee salary details and leave allowance. At the end of the month the system should automatically credit the employee’s bank account with their salary. Income tax and loan payments should be deducted at source and appropriate accounts credited. Salary slips should also be generated. This system can be integrated with Leave and loan systems to give a holistic solution to the organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Software Requirements Specification or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Requirements Specification (RS) |No. Requirement |Essential or |Description of the Requirement |Remarks | | | |Desirable | | | |RS1 |The system should have a login for |Essential |A login box should appear when the system is |The logins are assigned by the | | |Administrator | |invoked for Administrator with his/her user |admin. | | | |name and password. | | |RS2 |The system should have a login for |Essential |A login box should appear when the system is |The logins are assigned by the | | |staff. | |invoked for Staff with his/her user name and |admin. | | | | |password. | | |RS3 |Data Entry screens to maintain |Essential |Online screens should be created with inputs |The information maintained by | | |employee information. |from end user. |admin. | |RS4 |Data Entry screens to maintain |Essential |Online screens should be created with inputs |The information should be | | |Allowance information. | |from end user. |maintained by admin. | |RS5 |Data Entry screens to maintain |Essenti al |Online screens should be created with inputs |The information should be | | |Standard Deductions information. | |from end user. |maintained by admin. |RS6 |Data Entry screens to maintain |Essential |Online screens should be created with inputs |The information should be | | |Attendance information. | |from end user. |maintained by clerk. | |RS7 |Data Entry screens to maintain Other|Essential |Online screens should be created with inputs |The information should be | | |Deductions information. | |from end user. |maintained by | | | | | |Staff(clerk/employee). |RS8 |Automatic crediting of employee |Essential |These reports will created when a trigger is | | | |salary | |initiated by the user | | |RS9 |Generation of Salary slip |Desirable |Different Depreciation methodologies should be| | | | | |evaluated and uilt into the system. The end | | | | | |user should be allowed to choose any one. | | |RS10 |Generating Salary report |Desirable |Database can maintain the salary reports | | Database Fields Specification No. |Field Name |Data Type |Remarks | |1 |Employee Number |Text |This is the key field of the database as it is | | | | |unique for an employee. This will also serve as | | | | |the login for the system. This is a primary key | |2 |Employee Name |Text |Special characters like underscore are not | | | | |allowed. |3 |Email id |Text | | |4 |Address |Memo | | |5 |Contacts |Number | | |6 |Designation |Text |Designation like Clerk, Emp etc | |7 |Qualification |Text |This specifies the Qualification of a employee | |8 |UName |Text | | |9 |PWord |Text | | |10 |DOR |Date/Time |Date of registration of a employee | |11 |Bsalary |Currency |Fixed amount as per employee | |12 |HRA |Text Primary key | |13 |PPA |Text | | |14 |Maint_Allow |Text | | |15 |SPL_Allow |Text | | |16 |EDU_Allow |Text | | |17 |Wash_Allow |Text | | |18 |Sun_Allow |Text | | |19 |EPF |Text |Primary key | |20 |VPF |Text | | |21 |LIC |Text | | |22 |Canteen |Text | | |23 |Transport |Text | | |24 |ITax |Text |According to income tax rule | |25 |PTax |Text |Professional Tax is fixed as per policy | |26 |AttndMonth |Text | Current Attendance month. | |27 |TotalDays |Number | | | | | |Total working days of an organization per month. |28 |PrsntDays |Number |Present Days of an Employee in current month. | |29 |AbsntDays |Number |Absent Days of an Employee in current month. | |30 |ExtraDays |Number |Extra working days of an Employee in current | | | | |month | |31 |PayDays |Number |Payable days | |32 |EntryDate |Text |Attendance Entry date. |33 |HomeLoan |Number |25% of Basic salary | |34 |EDULoan |Number |15% of Basic salary | |35 |HealthLoan |Number |5% of Basic salary | Operating Environment: Software Requirement: Operating System: Windows 2000 or Higher Service Pack: 2+ Platform: JAVA Language: HTML, JSP JDBC Database :MS Access Web server : Tomcat server Hardware Requirement (Minimum) Processor: PIV Ram: 128 Mb Hard Disk: 1 GB Monitor: VGA Color (256) High Level/Detailed Design (HLD/DD): a. Login : This module accepts the username and password which on validation passes the control to the respective module. This checks for the authorized users before logging in. b. Administrator: This module is for the administrator who maintains the information of the employees each identified with unique id numbers. c. Clerk: This module is for the staff to maintain the attendance of the employee and generate the salaries for that current month. d. Employee: This is for the employee who on logging in can view their basic salary, allowances and standard deductions provided by the company. Low Level Design The system is split in to its design components. For each of the components, we provide information in the following format: 1. Login Module: This module accepts the username and password which on validation passes the control to the respective module. This checks for the authorized users before logging in. 2. Administrator Module: This module is for the administrator who maintains the information of the employees each identified with unique id numbers. Their basic salary, allowance and standard deduction percentages are specified by the administrator. He can view the salary reports of the selected employee for that month and for the given period. He can maintain the following information a. Employee info set by administrator b. Set Allowances c. Set Standard deductions. d. View Other deductions. e. View Attendance info. f. View Salary Slip. 3. Clerk: This module is for the staff to maintain the attendance of the employee and generate the salaries for that current month. The salary reports for that month and over the given period can be viewed by the staff. He can also view the employee information with allowance and Standard deduction. And he can view the other deduction and salary reports. He can maintain the following information a. View Employee info. b. View Allowances info c. View Standard deductions. d. Set Other deductions. e. Set Attendance info. f. Prepare Salary Slip. 4. Employee: This is for the employee who on logging in can view their basic salary, allowances and standard deductions provided by the company. They can specify their other deductions like Insurance, home loans etc which are to be deducted from the current month salary. These details are to be provide by the employee before the salary date. Employee can also view the attendance information, salary slip and salary information. He can maintain the following information a. View Employee info b. View Allowances c. View Standard deductions. d. Set Other deductions. e. View Attendance info. f. View Salary Slip. 5. Integration with leave and loan system if already existing, else create screens to key in leave and loan details. 6. Credit Employee bank accounts electronically. 7. Generate electronic or hard copies of pay slips. 8. Enable users to modify income tax details as these may change frequently. OVERALL USECASE DIAGRAM FOR PAYROLL SYSTEM: [pic] USECASE DIAGRAM FOR STAFF: [pic] USECASE DIAGRAM FOR ADMIN: [pic] USECASE DIAGRAM FOR EMPLOYEE: [pic]ACTIVITY DIAGRAM FOR PAYROLL: [pic] CLASS DIAGRAM FOR PAYROLL SYSTEM: [pic] Sequence and Collaboration Diagram for Login: [pic] Employee Info: [pic] [pic] Allowances: [pic]c [pic] Standard Deductions: [pic] [pic] Attendance Info: [pic] [pic] OtherDeductions: [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]Database Design: Employee table |No. Field Name |Data type |Remarks | |1 |Employee Number |Number |This is the key field of the database as it is | | | | |unique for an employee. This will also serve as | | | | |the login for the system. | |2 |Employee Name |Text |Special characters like underscore are not | | | | |allowed. |3 |Address |Text | | |4 |Contacts |Number | | |5 |EMail |Text | | |6 |Designation |Text |This specifies the designation in org | |7 |Qualification |Text |This specifies the Qualification of a employee | |8 |DOR |Date/Time |Date of registration of a employee | |9 |Bsalary |Currency |Fixed amount as per employee | |10 |UName |Text | | |11 |PWord |Text | | |12 |Status |Text | | Allowance Table: |No. |Field Name |Data type |Remarks | |1 |HRA |Number |Primary key. |2 |EDU_Allow |Number | | |3 |Maint_Allow |Number | | |4 |SPL_Allow |Number | | |5 |Wash_Allow |Number | | |6 | Sun_Allow |Number | | Standard Deductions Table: |No. |Field Name |Data type |Remarks | |1 |EPF |Number |Primary key. |2 |VPF |Number | | |3 |LIC |Number | | |4 |Canteen |Number | | |5 |ITax |Number |According to income tax rule | |6 |PTax |Number |Professional Tax is fixed as per policy | Attendance Table: |No. Field Name |Data type |Remarks | |1 |EmpNo |Number |This is the key field of the database as it is unique for an | | | | |employee. This will also serve as the login for the system. | |2 |Attndmonth |Date | Current Attendance month. | |3 |Tdays |Number | | | | | |Total working days of an organization per month. |4 |Pdays |Number |Present Days of an Employee in current month. | |5 |Adays |Number |Absent Days of an Employee in current month. | |6 |Edays |Number |Extra working days of an Employee in current month | |7 |Paydays |Number |Payable days | |8 |Edate |Date |Attendance Entry date. | | | | | Other Deductions Table: |No. Field Name |Data type |Remarks | |1 |EmpNo |Number |This is the key field of the database as it is | | | | |unique for an employee. This will also serve as | | | | |the login for the system. | |2 |Homeloan |Number |25% of Basic salary | |3 |EDUloan |Number |15% of Basic salary | |4 |Healthloan |Number |5% of Basic salary | Test-Plan (Unit test-plan and integrated test-plan) |No. |Test case Title |Description |Expected Outcome |The requirement in RS|Result | | | | | |that is being tested | | |1 |Successful User |The login to the system should |Login should be |RS1, RS2 | | | |Verification |be tried with the login assigned|successful and the | | | | | |by the admin and the correct |user hould enter in | | | | | |password |to the system | | | |2 |Unsuccessful User |The login to the system should |Login should be |RS1, RS2 | | | |Verification |be tried with the login assigned|unsuccessful and the | | | | | |by the admin and the incorrect |user should enter in | | | | | |password |to the error page. | | |3 |Successful data entry |After login the user should |The data entry should |RS3 | | | |of employee information. |enter the correct employee |be successfull | | | | | |information. | | | | |4 |Unuccessful data entry |After login the user should |The data entry should |RS3 | | | |of employee information. |e nter the incorrect employee |be unsuccessfull | | | | | |information. | | | | |Successful data entry |After login the user should |The data entry of |RS4 | | |5 |of Allowances. |enter the correct Allowances |allowances should be | | | | | |information. |successfull | | | |6 |Unsuccessful data entry |After login the user should |The data entry of |RS4 | | | |of |enter the incorrect Allowances |allowances should be | | | | |Allowances. |information. unsuccessfull | | | |7 |Successful data entry |After login the user should |The data entry of |RS5 | | | |of Standard deductions. |enter the correct Standard |Standard deductions | | | | | |deductions information. |should be | | | | | | |successfull | | | |8 |Unsuccessful data entry |After login the user should |The data entry of |RS5 | | | |of Standard deductions. enter the incorrect Standard |Standard deductions | | | | | |deductions information. |should be | | | | | | |successfull | | | |9 |Successful data entry of |After login the user should |The data entry of |RS6 | | | |Attendance. |enter the correct Attendance |Other deductions | | | | | |information. should be | | | | | | |successfull | | | | |Unsuccessful data entry |After login the user should |The data entry of |RS6 | | |10 |of Attendance. |enter the incorrect Attendance |Other deductions | | | | | |information. |should be | | | | | | |unsuccessfull | | | |11 |Successful data entry of |After login the user should |The data entry of |RS7 | | | |Other deductions. enter the correct Other |Other deductions | | | | | |deductions information. |should be | | | | | | |successfull | | | |12 |Unsuccessful data entry |After login the user should |The data entry of |RS7 | | | |of Other deductions. |enter the incorrect Other |Other deductions | | | | | |deductions information. should be | | | | | | |unsuccessfull | | | |13 |Navigation between |Screen navigation should be |The screens navigated | | | | |screens is Role based |checked to ensure correct |should be based on the| | | | | |sequence of screens is thrown to|role of user | | | | | |the user. | | | | |14 |Database interactions |Values stored in the database |Data retrieved should | | | | |should be accurate |should be what the user intended|be what is stored in | | | | | |to store. the database | | | |15 |Boundary conditions |When scrolling options are |UI should support | | | | |should be checked |enabled on screens data between |boundry level | | | | | |different pages should be |conditions | | | | | |accurate | | | | |16 |Accurate reports should |The reports should be accurate | | | | | |be created. | | | | | Employee details, investment details, salary details, tax rules, leave details Data entry for employee details, Income tax rules, Leave rules, loan details Apply leave, key in investment details, Employee Salary Slips Administrator

Event management Essays

Event management Essays Event management Essay Event management Essay Introduction to Event Management Event direction is a uninterrupted procedure that revolves around the use of undertaking direction patterns, in the creative activity and scheduling of events such as conferences, seminars, festivals and concern exhibitions ( Polivka 1996 ) . It involves the planning, monitoring and controlling of activities and resources that would be used, as an event evolves from a preliminary construct into an active and operational execution. The procedure of event direction involves analyzing the intent of the event, placing the prospective mark audience, contriving a suited event construct, planning and organizing the logistics and eventually put to deathing the proposed event ( Renton 1994 ; Passingham 1995 ) . It is of import to observe that event direction continues even after the executing of the existent event. Post-event analysis is necessary to estimate the ultimate success or failure of an event. Event Report HIV/AIDS Awareness Day Introduction Since the find of HIV/AIDS at the terminal of the twentieth Century, instances of new infections have been on the rise in dismaying rates, peculiarly in African and Asiatic states ( Petersen 2006 ; David 2009 ) . This is in malice of educational and awareness runs, by both governmental and other non-governmental organisations ( NGOS ) . The fact that more people have easy entree to information sing the pandemic has non changed HIV prevalence in most states. It is going clearer that the spread of the HIV virus might be due to other grounds and non due to a deficiency of behavioural alteration or mere ignorance. HIV/AIDS consciousness yearss have been used to seek to educate the population and finding possible factors for the lifting infection rates. It is fast going world that most of the methods used to educate the population might be uneffective in the battle against HIV/AIDS. Many events are held every twelvemonth seeking to turn to this pandemic. Harmonizing to Rockstroh et Al. ( 2008 ) , while some events might assist in cut downing infections, others end neglecting. This indicates that the organisational methodological analysis plays a cardinal function in finding their overall success of events. Main Purpose of Event The chief intent of this HIV/AIDS consciousness twenty-four hours was to inform and educate the community on several subjects related to HIV/AIDS. Despite the fact that most people know of HIV/AIDS, many myths and misconceptions about the virus persist. Peoples still believe in these myths and uphold the misconceptions about the virus. The intent of the event was to clear up and take these myths and misconceptions, through the instruction of the mark population on the facts about the disease. Scope of the Event: Target Audience Harmonizing to Danta and Dusheiko ( 2008 ) , in this epoch of HIV/AIDS, consciousness and instruction about the virus deserves a national audience, if non an International 1. However, the mark audience in this event was the local community in Darling which is a rural town in South Africa. The age scope was between the ages of 15 old ages to 35 old ages, as this age group is the worst affected by the pandemic. Nevertheless, older people were allowed to go to the event, as it was a public meeting of planetary importance. The chief ground for holding a little mark audience was due to two factors. First, it is easier to convey a message to a smaller group of people without falsifying the information. Furthermore, it is besides easier to affect a little mark audience in an event s activities, as it is financially executable ( Cotterell 1994 ; Goroll et Al. 2000 ) . Figure ( 1 ) Venue The event takes topographic point in a secondary school in Darling which is a little town in South Africa to delver a specific message to local and international young person. The school is non merely a topographic point to larn but it is besides a topographic point to educate. Time The terminal of the school twelvemonth is a suited clip for this event in order to direct young person from different negative state of affairss that they may see at this period of clip to productive experiences affecting duties and exciting societal and educational event ( Srevent, 2010 ) . Figure ( 3 ) Subject The chief subject of the event is the bar and intervention of HIV/AIDS. The motto is listen, you may acquire it! to educate young person that they may be infected by HIV/Aids if they do non follow the safe medical pattern. Feasibility of the Event Since HIV/AIDS being a planetary pandemic, the event received fiscal support from the Government, ( NGOS ) international givers and local organisations. The physical resources required included collapsible shelters, music A ; sound equipment and a public presentation phase among many others. Most of the support forces were voluntaries and local young person. Due to monolithic support from organisations, the assorted costs were easy achieved. Format of Event This HIV/AIDS consciousness twenty-four hours took a paradigmatic displacement from the norm, as it addressed the affairs at manus utilizing a really different manner. Most events that address HIV/AIDS events are frequently education oriented, whereby attendants are literally taught in categories or treatment groups about HIV/AIDS. This event incorporated the entreaty of athleticss, music and other merriment activities to learn the audience and peculiarly young person on how to protect themselves from infection. Figure ( 5, 6, 7 ) How did Event Address the Subject The chief subject of the event was the bar and intervention of HIV/AIDS. The event started with a keynote address from wellness experts and local functionaries. This was followed by some inspirational music from invited creative persons. In add-on to entertaining the audience, the creative persons ensured that the vocals they were executing were enlightening and associating to the subject of the event. Musical public presentations where interchanged with short play and skits about HIV/AIDS. The most interesting thing was that some of these musicals and skits were played out in the local idiom and therefore catching the full attending of the audience. Not merely were these dramas informative, but besides capturing and interesting. The public presentations were followed by mini-competitions including association football competitions, short races and merriment games for the younger age groups. The squads take parting were drawn from the local population. Each of the athleticss uniforms they have oning conveyed a different message about the dangers of HIV/AIDS. Just before the winning squads were feted, a association football ball was inserted inside a rubber, merely to exemplify how elastic rubbers can be, much to the amusement of the immature audience. The addresss were intentionally short, to expeditiously capture the attending of the audience. Appleby ( 2002 ) argues that, research shows that immature people do non like long addresss and formalities. Therefore, the event organisers ensured that keynote talkers were short and precise while concentrating on the chief message. There was a inquiry and reply session, whereby participants had the opportunity to inquire their questions. All the inquiries were answered satisfactorily by the squad of physicians who were invited to the event. The audience besides got a opportunity to be tested for HIV, free of charge. The squad of professional counsellors ensured that participants underwent voluntary guidance Sessionss before and after proving. The fact that the trials were free got a immense response from the audience. The trials were confidential and those who tested positive likely received mentions on where they could get down having intervention. The coordination of the event was superb. There were no struggles in the deputation of responsibilities. Every individual had his or her function to play, as the event activities were being executed. In add-on, there were no enlistments or clip holds ; bespeaking the high degree of planning and readying. The event director must hold put in. Event Closing At the closing of the event, participants received freebees such as Jerseies, umbrellas, utensils and caps branded with anti-Aids messages. For those who did non understand the message through the addresss, they certainly got it through the branded points. In add-on to the free points, informational booklets were given out to the participants. This will surely guarantee that those who did non acquire the opportunity to go to the event can still larn about the virus through from the informational booklets. Decision The brilliant organisation of this HIV/Aids Awareness twenty-four hours is a clear indicant that originative thought plays a cardinal function in finding the ultimate success of an event. There are so many HIV/AIDS consciousness events these yearss, but most of them employ bing constructs therefore, taking to hapless attending. Creative thought is the mental procedure that involves the find of new and superb thoughts. It is the ability to contrive new thoughts by uniting, altering or reapplying bing thoughts. In event direction, originative thought aids event directors and organisers to place thoughts that could capture the attending of their mark audience in a bewitching manner. In this instance, the HIV/AIDS consciousness event incorporated superb thoughts such as featuring activities, music, skits, merriment games and other competitions. Since it was a youth event, these thoughts were resistless to the mark audience, and played a cardinal function in the general success of the event. The participants were non merely educated about HIV/AIDS, but besides got a opportunity to bask and entertain themselves. The planning and readying of the event was every bit brilliant. An event coordinator was responsible for placing event undertakings and deputing responsibilities to the squad members. This ensured that the opportunities of duty struggles originating were minimum. The appraisals were besides realistic, the clip intervals between event activities were manageable plenty to guarantee that no activity was rushed or delayed. Event direction goes beyond the executing of the existent event. An event is said to be successful, if it is executed and completed within the allocated clip, the budgeted costs and the specified degrees. Changes to the range should be minimum and the event should run into the needed qualities and criterions. Technical enlistments are sometimes allowed, as they are frequently unanticipated. In this HIV/AIDS consciousness event, the director surpassed the minimal event ends, by guaranting that the targeted audience who did non acquire a opportunity to go to the meeting still received information about HIV/AIDS, from the booklets. In add-on, the event ran swimmingly without any clip holds, alterations to the plan or any other hindrances. As a consequence, the event was considered a success.

Review of an academic research paper Literature

Of an academic research paper - Literature review Example The objectives and process behind developing effective simulation model have practical approach. The process is emphasizing not only on the participant personality but also on the designers personality which will help in model development. The author has explained the effectiveness of simulation in light of internal, external and educational validity. The subject most emphasized upon in this article is â€Å"educational validity† and the factors that influence its effectiveness. These factors are (a) simulation design, which emphasizes that simulation should be an accurate representative of the real world; and (b) implementation of simulation, which involves the involvement of participants (Stainton, Johnson & Borodzicz, 2010, p.707). The algorithmic validity and inaccurate representative of real world are the concerned issues. Although the simulation model is excellent, but if it cannot link up with real world scenarios, then such models are useless. Moreover, participants of the simulation should be self-motivated. The participant’s motivation can be assessed by the different motivation theories. So participant’s level of motivation is considered to be the moderating factor, which can increase the learning process. Along with participants, designer’s attribute carry an equivalent weight, while assessing simulation model for its learning effectiveness. Firstly, the designer of the model should be having respective expertise for which the simulation model is being made. Furthermore, designer should be unbiased while constructing the model. The research methodology framework for educational validity assessment has provided guidelines regarding problems that arise while building, implementing, and analyzing the simulation model. It includes formulation objectives, propositions, research designs, and instruments, which will then be analyzed; whether or not these instruments are good predictors of

Martime Delimitation and Territorial Questions Between Qatar and Essay

Martime Delimitation and Territorial Questions Between Qatar and Bahrain - Essay Example The essay examined how the proceedings and judgments of the court worked to satisfy the involved states. The research paper aims to investigate the issues related with the case of maritime delimitation and territorial questions between Qatar and Bahrain. It discusses the factors that have affected the proceedings and judgements of the court and also describes the progression of the case from time to time in order to show how the dispute was evolved between these two states and what roles was played by the decisions of the International Court of Justice to settle their dispute. Bahrain took the case of maritime delimitation and territorial questions between Qatar and Bahrain before the court in July 1991. The Foreign Affair Minister of Qatar filed an application in the registry of international court in which he made the request to institute the proceeding against state of Bahrain. The application requested the court to resolve the dispute between the two states regarding the sovereignty over the Hawar Island, rights of the states, over the shoals of Dibal and Qitat Jaradah and the delimitation of the maritime area of Qatar and Bahrain (Plant, 2002, p198). The roots of the dispute between these two countries could be traced back to 1965 when the Qatar attempt to settle the issue by arbitration was declined by Bahrain. After the termination of the British presence in Bahrain and Qatar, the King Fahd of Saudi Arabia attempted to resolve the dispute in 1971. These efforts resulted in the establishment of set of Principles for the framework for reaching a settlement that was approved by the representatives of three involved parties Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Bahrain. These principles were during the tri-parties meeting held in March 1983. These principles clarified that the disputing matters between the two states regarding the issue of sovereignty over the island, territorial

Of Personal Development, Critical Thinking and Enhanced Quality of Care Essay Example for Free

Of Personal Development, Critical Thinking and Enhanced Quality of Care Essay In this reflection paper, I would like to relate some unforeseen events during the course as well as my experience of being assessed. The medical practitioner assigned to me was a consultant of medicine for geriatric patients. The fact that he is not a physiotherapist may be considered an unforeseen occurrence. I did not really expect him to come from a different field. The similarity in language and way of thinking of practitioners from the same field would have facilitated the process. At first, similar to my feelings in collaborating with my nurse classmates, I had the same feeling of hesitation in associating with my DMP. However, as the course progressed, I realized that he could be a very good mentor. He patiently guided me throughout all the pertinent tasks that I had to carry out. I attended the clinic with him at Saint Pancrase Hospital for the morning Clinic, which finished at twelve o’clock, then the Ward round from two o’clock at Saint Pancrase hospital for two hours. I then went to University College London Hospital for My OSCE after four o’clock at the T10 ward. For the last fifteen years I have been working in a community, this is my first time to examine a patient thoroughly in a hospital, not only to examine the patient but also to perform my Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). Since he wanted to examine me on COPD patient with some complications, he was right that it was hard on me. Yet I did it and enjoyed the experience despite the situation under pressure. It was very long observation from my DMP, which again for long time I did not observe, was indeed a complicated but a true learning experience. I am grateful to my DMP and the way he taught me. I enjoyed his teaching, his approach, and his skills as a consultant were excellent. I will miss his teaching. My experience with him made me see the value of having a competent mentor regardless of the field that one is interested in. The presence of a coach and mentor made learning easier because it made me confident that I can rely on someone who is an expert and possesses a learning attitude, as well as one who is willing to help me out in the process. Admittedly, there were some difficulties in relating with him at the beginning because we were from different fields of study. But again, this experience is a test of flexibility in adjusting to the demands of the situation. I my best to work with him and follow the guidelines and advice which he gave me. In the course of our interaction, I have learned to become more comfortable in dealing with him. There is value in having a good working relationship with one’s superiors and colleagues; it makes the learning journey so much easier. I also feel that I should further develop a mentoring relationship with an expert in this field to be able to reach my full my potential. Empirical research from both educational and industrial settings suggests that students and employees both have increased probability of success if they have had a mentor. While mentors are effective for everyone, sometimes organisations implement mentoring programs to support particular parts of their populations, often newer employees. And while mentoring programs are always established with the best of intentions, their results are often mixed (Werner, 2004). To make the most of my clinical exposure, I hope to establish a strong mentoring relationship with a doctor or a medical allied professional who will be able to coach me on increasing competence in my clinical practice. I have realised that coaching and mentoring are very effective ways of developing my leadership potential because it does not only develop me in terms of technical expertise, but it will also allow me to actually experience how these experts undergo the coaching and mentoring exercise. I have also realised that a novice in any medical allied field acquires clinical judgment and skill over time. Knowledge is refined through actual clinical experience; this moves her from a rule-based, context-free stage to a more analytical, logical and intentional pattern of thinking (Benner, Tanner, Chelsea, 1996). To effectively provide a conducive learning environment, these medical professionals need venues for examining and developing their problem solving and reasoning skills towards making clinical judgments (Miller, 1992). I realised that such venues transpire through numerous learning experiences. In particular, I am contemplating about being able to practice in a large hospital to permit such comprehensive clinical exposure. I have also realised that participating in varied learning experiences offers the chance to apply classroom theory in the clinical setting. This was a point that was shared with me by my DMP. Clinical experiences enable the formation of meaningful related information on the basis of what the nurse has learned in the classroom. There is an expectation that with more experience, this novice can move from the level of advanced beginner to the level of competence by program completion. Clinical judgment is defined as nursing decisions about which areas to assess, analyzing health data, prioritizing which task to do, and who should carry it out (Carnaveli Thomas, 1993). For clinical judgment to be assessed as sound, it should be arrived at using critical thinking and logical reasoning, that will enable the deduction of valid conclusions, and the decisions that may be borne from these. I am thankful for this experience as they have given me profound insight on the areas that I could further develop to become a more competent professional in this field.

The Burden in The Things They Carried by OBrien Essay -- Things The

The Burden in The Things They Carried by O'Brien   In "The Things They Carried," O'Brien made reference to the Vietnam war that was closely associated with the physical, psychological, and emotional weight the soldiers beared.   The overall method of presentation of this story incorporated many different outlooks on the things the soldiers carried, dealt with, and were forced to adapt to.   In addition to this, O'Brien showed us the many reasons why and how the soldiers posessed these things individually and collectively and how they were associated directly and indirectly.   The strong historical content in "The Things They Carried" helped emphasize the focus of the story and establish a clearer understanding of details in the narrative and moods of the war itself.   From this, we are able to draw conclusions and assumptions to the events as it relates to the Vietnam war.   Three areas that "The Things They Carried" established and elaborated were the youthfulness of the Vietnam soldiers, their language and thought pattern s, and the actual tangible and intangible things they carried.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During Vietnam, soldiers were selected to be bought in to fight by draft.   Many families lost their youth through this process that would immediately force young boys to leave home and train for war.   I found an intriguing website that will tell you according to your birthdate, if you would or would not have been drafted during that time period. (Go)   In O'Brien's narrative, he portrays the soldiers as being young.   In the opening of the story, we immediately see a young man, First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross, who is deeply in love with a college girl.   On page 13, we find out that he is only twenty-four.   Throughout the story we find many hin... ...page 15, O'Brien describes that the men carried the whole atmosphere.   On page 15, we are made aware that they carried diseases, parasites, infections and many other ailments.   Page 15 elaborates on how the soldiers carried the land itself.   They carried ghosts, their lives, eachother, pressures, and often the burden of just being alive as explained on page 19.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "The Things They Carried"   helped recognize particular aspects of the war as it associated with the soldiers and their lives individually and collectively.   Through his story, O'Brien described the overall mood of the war and the soldiers involved.   "The Things They Carried" posed many aspects and angles of the burdens the soldiers packed during throughout the war as well as the emotional stress that was associated along with it. O?Brien, Tim. The Things They Carried. NY: Broadway Books, 1998.

Kimpton Hotels’

Kimpton Hotels'  EarthCare program brings the business's philosophy of environmental responsibility straight to its properties, starting with its pioneering Eco Floor at the  Hotel Triton  in San Francisco in 1994. Today EarthCare's efforts include: * Using environmentally friendly cleaning supplies in all rooms. * Printing corporate collateral on  recycled paper  using  soy-based ink. * Usring recycled paper for all printing property-wide. * Serving organic, shade grown, and/or fair trade complimentary beverages in the lobby. * Allowing guests the opt out of towel and linen service. Recycling of glass,  bottles, paper, and cardboard through back of house operations. * Auditing and retrofitting back of house lighting to ensure  energy efficient bulbs  are in place. * Using low flow systmes for faucets, toilets, and showers. * Encouraging guests to  recycle  with in-room  recycling bins. * Stocking the honor bar with organic snacks and drinks. * Encouraging gue sts to donate unused amenity bottles to local charities. * Other practices, such as  recycling  coat hangers, eliminating styrofoam cups, using paperless checkin/out, purchasing organic flowers, and more. Kimpton properties are found in: * Scottsdale, AZ * Vancourver, BC Whistler, BC * Los Angeles, CA * San Diego, CA * San Francisco, CA * San Jose, CA * Aspen, CO * Denver, CO * Chicago, IL * Boston, MA * Cambridge, MA * New York City, NY * Portland, OR * Dallas, TX * Salt Lake City, UT * Alexandria, VA * Arlington, VA * Seattle, WA * Washington, DC * 1. Kimpton HotelsPresented by:GROUP 4Andrew Taylor, KirillCherepkov, Emily York, Alaina Alms,and Susan GrahamApril 23, 2009 * 2. Case QuestionsWhat further steps should Kimpton take to institutionalize its environmental commitments? ~AndyHow would you measure the success of the EarthCare Program, and how should it be reported to stakeholders? KirillWhat progress has Kimpton made in the four phases of its EarthCare Program sinc the c ase? ~EmilyWhat is the progress for each of the four phases? ~AlainaWhat is your overall assessment of their progress since the case? ~Susan * 3. How Would You Measure The Success Of The Earthcare Program? KirillCherepkov * 4. SustainabilityEnvironmental mgmt. (measuring success)Environmental audits (reporting) * 5. Environmental Mgmt. in PracticeMeasuring SuccessTop mgmt. w/ a commitment to sustainabilityLong-standing commitment†¦Phase 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 †¦Line mgmt. nvolvementLocal programsEmployee suggestions * 6. Environmental Mgmt. in Practice (cont. )Measuring SuccessCode of environmental conductâ€Å"Our Philosophy† Our philosophy on environmental responsibility is about more than contributing financially; it;apos;s about embracing behavioral change. This kind of change begins at home, is expanded at work, and now extends to who we choose to do business with†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"EarthCare program †¦ was the right thing to do. † à ¢â‚¬â€œ Tom LaTour, Chairman and CEOCross-functional teamsJeff Slye, Business Evolution ConsultantEco-champions, co-leads, and program specialists * 7.Environmental AuditsReportingSustainability report:PepsiCo http://www. pepsico. com/Purpose/Sustainability/Sustainability-Report/Environmental-Sustainability. aspxCAT http://www. cat. com/cda/layout? m=199421;x=7Wal-Mart http://walmartstores. com/Sustainability/7951. aspxFordhttp://www. ford. com/micr osites/sustainability-report-2007-08/defaultCost savings:$250,000 per year in waste disposal†¦New business: â€Å"†¦$500,000 in meetings†¦Ã¢â‚¬  * 8. What Progress Has Kimpton Made In The Four Phases Of Its Earthcare Program Since The Case? Emily York * 9.Phase #1 Designed to make hotel staff comfortable with the concept of greener management. Energy Conservation: lighting retrofitted and audited to ensure energy efficient bulbs are in place Recycling: bottles, cans, paper, ; cardboardCleaning Chemicals: tub ; shower, gl ass, deodorizers, and disinfectantsPromotion Materials: recycled paper and soy-based inkComplimentary Coffee in Lobby: organically grownHonor Bar: includes organic snacks and beveragesTowel/Linen reuse: sheets and towels are replaced only at guest’s request * 10.Phase #2 Focuses on investments in water and energy conservation and organically-grown products. Water Conservation: implementation and auditing of low flow systems for faucets, toilets, and showers Energy Conservation: install motion sensors in rooms, florescent bulbs in corridors and back-of-houseOrganic Coffees ; Teas: served in rooms, meeting rooms, and lobby * 11. Phase #3 Extensive investment in in-room recycling of products and sale of organic/recycled products.In-room Designer Recycling Bins: guests are encouraged to participate in reducing our environmental impact Recycled Papers: for copying, notepads, toilet paper, and tissuesDonation Programs: instead of being thrown away, unused amenity bottles are donate d and used by local charities Recycling: of employee dry-cleaned uniform bags and hangers*Guest can now shop the Kimpton Style catalog for eco-friendlyproducts like organic bedding and recycled glassware. * 12. Phase #4 Investment in building materials, labor, and appliances that are more eco-friendly.Energy Star: appliances, computers, and electronicsPaints: low-VOC paintsHeat/Air Conditioning: energy efficient * 13. NEW Phase #5 * 14. â€Å"Helping the environment because it’s the right thing to do. † – April 13, 2009http://www. changemakers. net/node/21543 * 15. Discuss The Specifics Of The Progress For Each Of The Four Phases. Alaina Alms * 16. OverviewWhat has been implementedProducts and Practices for each of the phasesGoalsAccomplishmentsAwards * 17. What has been implementedEarthCare Products and PracticesAs part of Kimpton EarthCare, every hotel adopts tandard environmentally friendly products and practices with high-impact and benefit to our planet. * 18. Products and Practices (Phase 1)Cleaning Supplies: All rooms cleaned with environmentally friendly cleaning products. Honor bar with organic food and beverage options: Honor bars include organic snacks and beverages. Soy Inks: All corporate collateral is printed on recycled paper using soy based ink. Towel/Linen Reuse: Guests have the opportunity to do their part to reduce energy and detergents required for daily washings.Recycling: Back of house recycling programs addressing glass, bottles, paper, cardboard, etc. * 19. Products and Practices (Phase 2)Organic Beverages: All complimentary lobby coffee is organic, shade grown and/or fair trade. Energy Conservation: Back of house lighting retrofitted and audited to ensure energy efficient bulbs are in place. Water Conservation: Implementation and auditing of low flow systems for faucets, toilets, and showers. * 20. Products and Practices (Phase 3)Recycled Paper: Property wide printing on recycled paper.Best Practices: At any hotel you may find environmental activities such as recycling of coat hangers, elimination of Styrofoam cups, paperless check-ins/outs, organic flowers, and more†¦ In-room designer recycling bins: Guests are encouraged to participate in reducing our environmental impact. Donation programs: Instead of being thrown away, unused amenity bottles are donated and used by local charities. Shop the Kimpton Style catalog: for eco-friendly products like organic bedding and recycled glassware. * 21.GoalsReduce waste in landfills by 15%Reduce energy and water usage by 15%Increase employee retention and morale by 10% * 22. Accomplishments;gt; 962,000 lbs of cardboard recycled~ 50,000 gallons of cleaning chemicals replaced with non-toxic alternatives;gt; 253 trees saved from using recycled paperAccomplished in one year in California alone * 23. AwardsCorporate Citizen of the Year. California EPA Awards. Kimpton has been honored with the 2007 California EPA Green Lodging designation. California Gov ernor;apos;s Award. National GeoTourism Award. ttp://www. kimptonhotels. com/programs/earthcare. aspx Kimpton Hotels’ 7 Eco-friendly Best Practices Put Your Commitment in Writing Kimpton Hotels have one of those â€Å"elevator pitch† mission statements to describe their environmental stance. It states: â€Å"Support a sustainable world by using non-intrusive, high quality, eco-friendly products and services at all Kimpton hotels. † It’s short, sweet, descriptive and can easily be said to someone in the few seconds it takes to travel between floors in an elevator. Give Your Eco Program a NameAnother way to add more credibility to you environmental efforts is to give your program a name. Kimpton calls their environmentally friendly green hotel practices, the â€Å"Earthcare† program. Like the mission statement, the name very succinctly states the corporate policy and carries with it the feeling that the company’s taking an organized, focused a pproach to preserving the environment and is already succeeding in its efforts. Provide Your Own Green Business Certification On its Earthcare page, Kimpton lists all of the things they do to be eco-friendly.These actions might not be enough to help them qualify for some green certifications, but anyone can see that they’re serious about their commitment to the environment. This strategy also makes it easier for the media to write about them. Today Show travel editor Peter Greenburg reproduced the Kimpton list of Earthcare Products and Practices verbatim when he mentioned Kimpton Hotels in his article on green lodging. Peter Greenburg’s Article: Eco-Friendly Travel: Hotels and the Green Bandwagon Put Your Results in Real Numbers That People Can UnderstandAdvertising copywriters are taught to write about benefits, not features. In this video on the Sundance Channel, not only can Mike Depatie, the CEO and President of Kimpton Hotels, outline the company’s philosop hy and detail all the changes the hotels have made, but he can also articulate the impact it’s having on the environment. Here are just a few of the benefits that are mentioned in the video: â€Å"Hotel Triton recycles 60% of waste. † â€Å"Their low flow toilets, shower heads and faucets save 15 – 30,000 gallons of water each year. â€Å"Their environmentally friendly cleaning products save 50,000 gallons of chemicals being dumped into the environment. † † Their recycling efforts and use of recycled paper products have saved over 253 trees and eliminated 18,000 pounds of waste. † Reward Your Customers for Their Conservation Efforts Kimpton Hotels offer discounts for guests arriving in a hybrid vehicle. The perks vary from saving 10% on the room rate at some properties, to saving as much as 50% off the overnight parking rate at others. Gather Multiple AwardsAs we stated in our article on obtaining a Green Business Certification for your small or medium-sized business, you should seek out â€Å"certification† from as many organizations as possible. Take one look at the Earthcare page, and you’ll see that Kimpton has done just that by gaining recognition, accreditation, and accolades from a variety of sources in government and in the lodging industry. Here’s a list of the various organizations that have recognized Kimpton Hotels for their eco-friendly hotel practices.Local and State Governments The city of Salt Lake City, Utah. San Francisco Green Business program State of California State of California EPA National Trade Associations Travel Industry and Association of America American Hotel & Lodging Association International Trade Associations Hotel Association of Canada State Trade Associations Massachusetts Lodging Association Media National Geographic Traveler Magazine USA Today Travel and Leisure Seattle Magazine MSNBC Sundance Channel, Ecobiz Keep It Fresh

Hip Hop A Genre Of Music - 1431 Words

Hip hop is widely know as a genre of music that started in a New York City borough called the Bronx in the late 1970s, but it is more than just the music. Hip hop is a culture that consists of being a disc jockey which is also known as deejaying or turntabling, MCing or rhyming â€Å"rapping†, graffiti, fashion, and breakdancing. Hip hop was mostly an underground culture only know to the people living in the Bronx. Hip hop is a relatively new culture which fascinates most people because it of its somewhat aggressive musical performance and how hip hop artists express their feelings about society and how the government treats people of the Hip Hop culture. Hip hop was and is still known as poetry talking about anything from technology to†¦show more content†¦Look at all the money and the famous people.† People in the world, especially in America, thought New York City was heaven. But back then the Bronx was burning† (McDaniels). By this he means that most A mericans believed that New York City was a place where you know that you have become successful and are living a struggle free life because that was the disco culture that was going on. But, the Bronx was part of New York City, and in the Bronx they had a record of about Twelve thousand fires in a single year and everyone in the Bronx was struggling to keep on providing for their families. Some say due to the poor living situations that the kids in the Bronx were going through helped create hip hop, they would go to hip hop parties to take their mind off of everything that was going on in their living situation and thus expanding hip hop. DJ Kool Herc was known for throwing the first Hip hop party on August 11, 1973, which most people say birthed hip hop into what it is known for today. Whenever DJ Kool Herc threw a party he would never play any of the popular disco stuff that they would always play on the radio instead he would play soul music, which is what most black kids would listen to when they were growing up. Another thing to note is that DJ Kool Herc wasn’tShow MoreRelatedHip Hop And The Music Genre927 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Hip-Hop? 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